This paper documents the following empirical discovery: A'-dependencies terminating in resumptive pronouns in Arabic exhibit secondary crossover effects. Crucially, secondary crossover persists with in-island resumption, demonstrating that crossover cannot exclusively be linked to A'-movement or to the binding of traces. Rather, crossover characterizes A'-binding dependencies generally, including base-generated ones. This finding runs counter to the claims and predictions of much earlier work, which were confounded due to the fact that they focused exclusively on primary crossover effects under resumption. It is argued that secondary crossover is accounted for if operators cannot bind out of phrases which properly contain them in A'-positions (i.e., if there is no indirect A'-binding).