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Share Paper 3619

Paradigm Uniformity Is Probabilistic: Evidence from Velar Nasalization in Japanese
Canaan Breiss, Hironori Katsuda, and Shigeto Kawahara
82-90 (complete paper or proceedings contents)

Abstract

This paper presents a formal analysis of recent work by Breiss et al. (2021) enriching the quantitative understanding of a well-known case of paradigm uniformity in Japanese compounds. The phenomenon in question is Voiced Velar Nasalization (VVN), a process whereby a general allophony between [g] and [ŋ] gives rise to an alternation in the initial segment of underlyingly /g/-initial second-members of compounds (hence N2s). This paper focuses specifically on formalizing the central claim, made first by Ito & Mester (1996), that there is a link between the morphological status of the N2 (free vs. bound) and the obligatoriness of the change from free [g] to bound [ŋ] in its initial segment. The paper's novel contribution is a formal analysis of the frequency effect of the N2 demonstrated by Breiss et al. (2021), which is implemented in a Maximum Entropy grammar (Smolensky 1986, Goldwater & Johnson 2003) with scaled Output-Output Faithfulness constraints, inspired by the general approach of Coetzee & Kawahara (2013). The paper also provides evidence that the frequency effect feeds Rendaku, an inter-morphemic voicing process, which gives rise to an asymmetric distribution of frequency-conditioned optionality in N2s, which is argued to be due to its interaction with the broader phonotactic grammar of Japanese.

Published in

Proceedings of the 39th West Coast Conference on Formal Linguistics
edited by Robert Autry, Gabriela de la Cruz, Luis A. Irizarry Figueroa, Kristina Mihajlovic, Tianyi Ni, Ryan Smith, and Heidi Harley
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Printed edition: $645.00